Machinery foe dressing staves



UNITED STATES oFFioE. 1

isAA'c `JUDsON, 0F NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT;-

MACHINERY Fon Danser-NG sTavEs.-

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 5,099,dated'1VIay 1,1847; Reissued March 9, 1852,k

No. 211. i v

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, IsAAc JUDsoN, of the city and county of New Havenand State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful improvement inmachines for dressing the convex and concave sides of staves to anyrequired curvature by means of two sets of rotary cutters turning inparallel planes, which is described as follows, reference being had tothe annexed drawings of the same, making part of this specification.

The nature of my invention and improvement consists in combiningandarranging two revolving rings, or wheels, having cutters on theiropposing surfaces or sides next cach other for shaving the stavetransversely Y and simultaneously on its inner and outer sides producinga stave the cross sect-ion of Which is the segment of a circle thediameter of which is to be greater than the diameters of the said rings,or wheels (the curve of the stave beingvariable at pleasure according tothe sizes of the different kinds of casks for which the staves areintended),

by changing the position of the stationary guides and feed rolls, and ofthecutters on the parallel rings or wheels so asto change the angle ofthe position of the stave with the plane ofl the rings, or wheels, whichforms the base of a right angled triangle, or section of a cone, andVthe axes of said wheels which forms theperpendicular of said rightangled triangle, or the axis of a cone the straight line in which lthestave moves toward the cutters being the hyp'otenuse` of the rightangled triangle or the inclined side of the cone (represented by line min F igs.A

6 which line ismade changeable at pleasure in order to change the degreeof curvature of the stave as stated. The angle of the side of the conewith its base being increased when the degree of the curve of the staveisk to be decreased and when the angleof the.

cone is diminished the degree of the curvature of the stave isincreased.

This principle of'introducing a stave, or

other piece of wood, obliquely between two series of'revolving cuttersat any'required4 angle with the planes ofthe wheels or rings carryingthe cuttersfor the purpose of cutting the stave or piece of woodtransversely to the segment of any. given circle corresponding withthatv of the intended cask,

`the machine.

constitutes my principal invention land im? provement.- v

The nature ofthe second improvement consists" in a new arrangement oftwomov able fluted or grooved feed rolls for driving the stave past,y orbetween the revolvingy rings, or wheels of cutters, said rolls beingheld together by a spring or other means so as not to give to the staveany specific direction leaving it to be guided by stationary rests ofshort lengths so as to a'ccomimdatey the crooks and winds'of the grainof the `v'v'ood' to the position of the cutters.

Figure l is a'plan or view of the top of Fig. 2 is an elevation or viewof the side of the machine. Fig. 3 is an end `elevation or view of theend of the machine;

Figfa is a sectional view of the shafts of the feed rolls showingv thespring that ein-ff plate for carrying the cutters that ,fcut and,

form the concave sideof thefstave.

C `is the shaft to" which saidwheel f l aflixed.

D are the boxes nl which Stia"silfaftj-f iV t'urns.-y 1 ,v y 1 y Eisapulley on lsaid shaft C around which is passed any endless bandleading` to a pul-y ley on. the driving shaft;`

F are the cutters forcutting, forming, and

dressing the concave side of the stave to the required curvature andsmoothness:These cuttersare madeof any suitableform'ormaterial and aresecured-to the facey of the` wheel opposite to the` revolvingringthere-l after' described) and nextto, or againstthe,

perimeter thereof. The said `cutters maybe ofthe gouge-form (asrepresented in Fig;l i

1) or ofthe form of a parallelogram one corner 'cut off as shown at R inwhich G represents an oblong mortise in the 4105" 'y same, throughwhicha screw bolt is passed*` The cutters, however, may be made of anyrethat secures the said cutter to the wheel. This form `of cutter *is`preferred; its position on the wheel may be changed at pleasure, so asto correspond with any changeof position of the` stave for`producing-the vari ous eurvatures of the inner side of the stave. Thegouge shaped cutter, represented in F ig. l, is securedto the wheel inthe same way. This cutter is found notito answerso good a purpose in allcases as some otherA forms that have beentried, but to remove the lsurplus 'material itanswers very well.

quired form,and may be secured tothe wheel in any convenient way and atthe required angle vfor producing the desired result.

H, `is a revolving ring, or rim, for carrying'the cutters that cut,form, andshave the convex side of the stave. The axes of the ringand`wheel coincidegbut their vertical planesdo not; they are,` however,parallel.y

The ring is set back from the wheel the re- -quired dist-ance to formthe necessary space between themfor the .passage ofthe staves obliquelybetween the cutters at any required angle with the planes of the ringand wheel. The ring has no axle or shaft; it is supported by, and turnsagainst, the peripheries of a number of antifriction wheels I, whoseaxles turn in boxes connected with castings fixed to the frame. The ringis sustained upon the 'peripheries of these ant-ifriction wheels bymeans of a circular groove made in the periphery of thering in which thesaid antifrictionwheels turn and which preventv the ring from having anyside motion dur# ing its revolving motion.` It is turned by means of aflat endless band passed around it` and'leading to the driving power. Orby means of an endless round bandK let into a corresponding groove madein thepperiphery of the ring anda similar groove made in a pulley ZL onthe driving., shaft. The cut-f ters of this ,ring are-made and arrangedin the same manner 'as 'those above described for the wheel. f l

M, M, are two short right angled restsf'or guides, fastened to the frameby means of segmentl mortises and set screws.` The mortises are made inthe horizontal portionsv of the rests or guides. The verticalportionsconstitute the guides against which the stave to be dressed ispropelled. The faces of these guidesvare in a straight oblique line.V

This line when continued'until it intersects a line drawn through theaxis of the wheel' and aline drawn through theV base of the z wheel willform the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle or the side of av sectionof a cone-fthebase of the triangle corresponding with the base of thewheel, and t-he perpendicular correspondingwith'the' axis of the wheel.`In Fig. 6 these lines are represented at m, bfc-fm. being theVhypotenuse, b, thev base, and c the perpendicular. In dressing stavesfor casks of Various diameters the line of the guides must be varied.-lTo cut the stave the segment of a larger circle the line ofthe guidesmust be changed so as to diminish its angle with the base.

A contrary result: takes place when the lstave is to vbe`dressed for asmaller Cask.

This is effected by simplyV unscrewing the set screws, s, and moving,the guides to the required position, and again making them fast. Thestaves are propelled forward to the cutters by means of twofeed rolls N,N,

whose axes are nearlyparallel and vertical, and between which the Vstaveis placed. These rollsare above theframe and their shafts O, O,extenddown through theframe to an adjustable segment plate P turning ona center i in the frame; Vin which plate the lower ends ofthe shafts arestepped or placed and adjusted or moved to the right or left in the ,arcof a circle by moving said segment plate whichfis held in any requiredpositionby a catch-Q, attached to the `frame 'and dropped into anotch orhole in the segment plate. The upper ends of the shafts are looseand'have `a swing motion to the right and left and are borne toward eachother by a spring S which embraces the,

shafts. i i

The shafts are thus placed `for the purpose of allowing the feed rollst-o accommodate themselves to the crooked forms of the` staves to bedressed. The shafts` areturned by means of cog-wheels T 'I2 xed to themwhich are geared together, and to an inter-` mediate cogwheel T3", whichis geared `with a pinion T4 on a vertical axle i on which there turnsalarge bevel wheel V that works into a smallbevel pinion W on aVhorizontal shaft X turning insuitable boxes in the frame, there beingvon said shaft a `pulley VY aroundzwhich is placed a cross band Z leadingaround a pulley e on the yaxle c of vvthe wheel of cutters.f

i ji'fsfa'fast pulleyonjthe main or `driving' shaft.

gV is a loose pulley on said shaft of the` usual form, arrangement, andoperation.` 79 and g aretwo antifriction rollers `for bearing the staveagainst the guides.

j and 7c are springs for extendingthe rollers outward toward theguides.V When a stave' is inserted between the ,guides and rollers thesprings jandlc contract to allow'` the vrollers to recede. In Fig. 1 therollers p and g are represented'as extended solas` nearly to touch theguides-no stavebeing represented in the machine.

When a stave `is Vto be ldressed it is placed edgewise upon the framewith one` end between `the feed rolls NI-the machine being put inmotion, the feed rolls `propel the` stave between the guides and bearingrollers to the cutters on the opposing 'faces of the wheel and ring andin passing between the cutters it is shaped and dressed smooth-concaveon one side and convex on the opposite side. Another stave beinginserted between the feed rolls and propelled forward in the same mannerstrikes against the stave next before it and propels it through thespace between the wheel and ring. In this manner the operation of themachine is kept up.

The stave or other piece of wood may be dressed to a concave or convexform on one side only, by introducing it in an oblique direction toeither the wheel or ring of cutters used singly.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

The manner of arranging the wheel and ring of cutters in parallel planesforming a space between them for the introduction of the stave to bedressed simultaneously on both sides-concave on one .side and convex onthe other, and to any degree of curvature required, according totheposition of the guides in relation to the cutters on the wheel, andring, as herein set forth; the stave, or other. piece of wood beingintroduced obliquely between the two series of revolving cutters at anyrequired angle with the planes of the wheels, or rings, carrying thecutters, for, the purpose of cutting the stave or piece of woodtransversely to the segment of any given circle corresponding 'with thatof the intended Cask, or barrel',

of which the stave is to form part, changeable at pleasure by changingthe position of the stave, the feed rollers being made to swing to theright and left in the arc of a circle for the purpo-se of accommodatingthemselves to the irregular shapes of the pieces of wood to be dressedinto staves.

ISAAC J UDSON.

Witnesses:

LEONARD PARDEE, FRANCIS S. COLLINS.

[FIRST PRINTED 1913.]

